Rajanna Sircilla district has a total population of approximately 5.52 lakh people according to the 2011 Census of India. The district consists of both urban and rural communities, with agriculture and the renowned handloom weaving industry serving as the primary sources of livelihood. Over the years, Rajanna Sircilla has witnessed steady growth in education, healthcare, and infrastructure while preserving its rich cultural and religious heritage, particularly around the famous Vemulawada Rajarajeshwara Temple. The district continues to develop as an important textile and pilgrimage destination in Telangana.

According to the 2011 Census of India, Rajanna Sircilla district has a total population of 5,52,037. Of this, 2,74,109 are males and 2,77,928 are females, resulting in a sex ratio of 1,014 females for every 1,000 males, which is higher than the national average. The district is predominantly rural, with 4,35,145 people (78.83%) living in rural areas, while 1,16,892 people (21.17%) reside in urban areas. The district has a population density of 273 persons per square kilometre and an overall literacy rate of 62.71%. These figures show that Rajanna Sircilla is largely an agriculture- and textile-based rural district with a balanced population distribution.